Previous: Skips, Up: Writing rests
Rests for one or more full measures are entered using R
followed by a duration (see Durations). The duration should
correspond to an integral number of measures, otherwise a barcheck
warning is printed. A multi-measure rest is used
principally to indicate that a part in a multi-part score should
be silent:
\set Score.skipBars = ##t R1*4 R1*24 R1*4 b2^"Tutti" b4 a4
A multi-measure rest can be expanded in the printed score
to show all the rest measures explicitly, or, as above, it can be
condensed to a single measure
containing a multi-measure rest symbol, with the number of
measures of rest printed above the measure. This expansion
is controlled by the property Score.skipBars
. If this is
set to true, empty measures will be condensed to a single measure.
\time 4/4 r1 | R1 | R1*2 | \time 2/4 R2 | \time 4/4 \set Score.skipBars = ##t R1*17 | R1*4 |
The 1
in R1
is similar to the duration notation
used for notes and is the length of a measure in 2/2 or 4/4 time.
The duration in a multi-measure rest must always be an integral
number of measure-lengths, so in other time signatures augmentation
dots or fractions must be used:
\set Score.skipBars = ##t \time 3/4 R2. | R2.*2 \time 13/8 R1*13/8 | R1*13/8*12 | \time 10/8 R4*5*4 |
An R
spanning a single measure is printed as either a whole
or breve rest, centered in the measure, regardless of the time
signature.
If there are 10 or fewer measures of rest, LilyPond prints
a series of longa and breve rests (called in German
Kirchenpausen - ‘church rests’) within the staff and
prints a simple line otherwise. This default number of 10
may be changed by overriding
MultiMeasureRest.expand-limit
.
\set Score.skipBars = ##t R1*2 | R1*5 | R1*9 \override MultiMeasureRest #'expand-limit = 3 R1*2 | R1*5 | R1*9
Note that unlike ordinary rests, the vertical position on the staff of the multi-measure rest symbol of either form cannot be changed.
Text can be added to multi-measure rests by using the
note-markup
syntax described in Text markup.
The variable \fermataMarkup
is provided for adding
fermatas.
\set Score.skipBars = ##t \time 3/4 R2.*10^\markup { \italic "ad lib." } R2.^\fermataMarkup
Note: Text attached to a multi-measure rest is created by MultiMeasureRestText
, notTextScript
. Overrides must be directed to the correct object, or they will be ignored. See the following example.
\override TextScript #'padding = #5 R1^"low" \override MultiMeasureRestText #'padding = #5 R1^"high"
Text attached to a multi-measure rest will be centered above or
below it. Long text attached in this way does not cause the
measure to expand, and may collide with text in adjacent measures.
Long text is better attached to a zero-length skip note preceding
the rest, preceded by \textLengthOn
(turn off again with
\textLengthOff
), since this will cause the measure to expand to
accommodate the length of the text:
\set Score.skipBars = ##t \textLengthOn s1*0^\markup {[MAJOR GENERAL]} R1*19 s1*0^\markup {[MABEL] } s1*0_\markup {\italic {Cue: ... it is yours}} R1*30 \textLengthOff c4^\markup {CHORUS} d f c
Text attached to a skip note in this way is left-aligned to the position where the note would be placed in the bar, and placed above the bar count numeral, but because the bar length is determined by the length of the text, the text will appear to be centered. If two (or more) texts are attached to skip notes in a bar the bar length is determined by the longer text, and the shorter text is then clearly left-aligned, as shown in the second bar above. If the shorter text of two marks is short enough to fit it will be placed alongside and to the left of the bar count numeral.
Notation Reference: Durations, Text, Text markup, Text scripts.
Snippets: Rhythms
Internals Reference: MultiMeasureRest.
The layout object MultiMeasureRestNumber is for the default number, and MultiMeasureRestText for user specified texts.
If an attempt is made to use fingerings (e.g.,
R1*10-4
) to put numbers over multi-measure rests, the
fingering numeral (4) may collide with the bar counter
numeral (10).
There is no way to automatically condense multiple rests into a single multi-measure rest. Multi-measure rests do not take part in rest collisions.
Be careful when entering multi-measure rests followed by whole notes. The following will enter two notes lasting four measures each:
R1*4 cis cis
Previous: Skips, Up: Writing rests
Cette page documente LilyPond-2.11.40 (branche de développement).
Rapportez toute anomalie en français à lilypond-user-fr@gnu.org ou en anglais à http://post.gmane.org/post.php?group=gmane.comp.gnu.lilypond.bugs
Vos suggestions à propos de la documentation sont les bienvenues.