NAME Net::Amazon::S3 - Use the Amazon S3 - Simple Storage Service SYNOPSIS #!/usr/bin/perl use warnings; use strict; use Test::More qw/no_plan/; # this synopsis is presented as a test file use Net::Amazon::S3; use vars qw/$OWNER_ID $OWNER_DISPLAYNAME/; my $aws_access_key_id = "Fill me in!"; my $aws_secret_access_key = "Fill me in too!"; my $s3 = Net::Amazon::S3->new( { aws_access_key_id => $aws_access_key_id, aws_secret_access_key => $aws_secret_access_key } ); # you can also pass a timeout in seconds # list all buckets that i own my $response = $s3->buckets; TODO: { local $TODO = "These tests only work if you're leon"; $OWNER_ID = $response->{owner_id}; $OWNER_DISPLAYNAME = $response->{owner_displayname}; is( $response->{owner_id}, '46a801915a1711f...' ); is( $response->{owner_displayname}, '_acme_' ); is_deeply( $response->{buckets}, [] ); } # create a bucket my $bucketname = $aws_access_key_id . '-net-amazon-s3-test'; my $bucket_obj = $s3->add_bucket( { bucket => $bucketname } ) or die $s3->err . ": " . $s3->errstr; is( ref $bucket_obj, "Net::Amazon::S3::Bucket" ); # another way to get a bucket object (does no network I/O, # assumes it already exists). Read Net::Amazon::S3::Bucket. $bucket_obj = $s3->bucket($bucketname); is( ref $bucket_obj, "Net::Amazon::S3::Bucket" ); # fetch contents of the bucket # note prefix, marker, max_keys options can be passed in $response = $bucket_obj->list or die $s3->err . ": " . $s3->errstr; is( $response->{bucket}, $bucketname ); is( $response->{prefix}, '' ); is( $response->{marker}, '' ); is( $response->{max_keys}, 1_000 ); is( $response->{is_truncated}, 0 ); is_deeply( $response->{keys}, [] ); # store a key with a content-type and some optional metadata my $keyname = 'testing.txt'; my $value = 'T'; $bucket_obj->add_key( $keyname, $value, { content_type => 'text/plain', 'x-amz-meta-colour' => 'orange', } ); # list keys in the bucket $response = $bucket_obj->list or die $s3->err . ": " . $s3->errstr; is( $response->{bucket}, $bucketname ); is( $response->{prefix}, '' ); is( $response->{marker}, '' ); is( $response->{max_keys}, 1_000 ); is( $response->{is_truncated}, 0 ); my @keys = @{ $response->{keys} }; is( @keys, 1 ); my $key = $keys[0]; is( $key->{key}, $keyname ); # the etag is the MD5 of the value is( $key->{etag}, 'b9ece18c950afbfa6b0fdbfa4ff731d3' ); is( $key->{size}, 1 ); is( $key->{owner_id}, $OWNER_ID ); is( $key->{owner_displayname}, $OWNER_DISPLAYNAME ); # You can't delete a bucket with things in it ok( !$bucket_obj->delete_bucket() ); $bucket_obj->delete_key($keyname); # fetch contents of the bucket # note prefix, marker, max_keys options can be passed in $response = $bucket_obj->list or die $s3->err . ": " . $s3->errstr; is( $response->{bucket}, $bucketname ); is( $response->{prefix}, '' ); is( $response->{marker}, '' ); is( $response->{max_keys}, 1_000 ); is( $response->{is_truncated}, 0 ); is_deeply( $response->{keys}, [] ); ok( $bucket_obj->delete_bucket() ); # see more docs in Net::Amazon::S3::Bucket DESCRIPTION This module provides a Perlish interface to Amazon S3. From the developer blurb: "Amazon S3 is storage for the Internet. It is designed to make web-scale computing easier for developers. Amazon S3 provides a simple web services interface that can be used to store and retrieve any amount of data, at any time, from anywhere on the web. It gives any developer access to the same highly scalable, reliable, fast, inexpensive data storage infrastructure that Amazon uses to run its own global network of web sites. The service aims to maximize benefits of scale and to pass those benefits on to developers". To find out more about S3, please visit: http://s3.amazonaws.com/ To use this module you will need to sign up to Amazon Web Services and provide an "Access Key ID" and " Secret Access Key". If you use this module, you will incurr costs as specified by Amazon. Please check the costs. If you use this module with your Access Key ID and Secret Access Key you must be responsible for these costs. I highly recommend reading all about S3, but in a nutshell data is stored in values. Values are referenced by keys, and keys are stored in buckets. Bucket names are global. Some features, such as ACLs, are not yet implemented. Patches welcome! METHODS new Create a new S3 client object. Takes some arguments: aws_access_key_id Use your Access Key ID as the value of the AWSAccessKeyId parameter in requests you send to Amazon Web Services (when required). Your Access Key ID identifies you as the party responsible for the request. aws_secret_access_key Since your Access Key ID is not encrypted in requests to AWS, it could be discovered and used by anyone. Services that are not free require you to provide additional information, a request signature, to verify that a request containing your unique Access Key ID could only have come from you. DO NOT INCLUDE THIS IN SCRIPTS OR APPLICATIONS YOU DISTRIBUTE. YOU'LL BE SORRY secure Set this to 1 if you want to use SSL-encrypted connections when talking to S3. Defaults to 0. timeout How many seconds should your script wait before bailing on a request to S3? Defaults to 30. buckets Returns undef on error, else hashref of results add_bucket Takes a hashref: bucket The name of the bucket you want to add Returns 0 on failure, Net::Amazon::S3::Bucket object on success bucket BUCKET Takes a scalar argument, the name of the bucket you're creating Returns an (unverified) bucket object from an account. Does no network access. delete_bucket Takes either a Net::Amazon::S3::Bucket object or a hashref containing bucket The name of the bucket to remove Returns false (and fails) if the bucket isn't empty. Returns true if the bucket is successfully deleted. list_bucket List all keys in this bucket. Takes a hashref of arguments: MANDATORY bucket The name of the bucket you want to list keys on OPTIONAL prefix Restricts the response to only contain results that begin with the specified prefix. If you omit this optional argument, the value of prefix for your query will be the empty string. In other words, the results will be not be restricted by prefix. delimiter If this optional, Unicode string parameter is included with your request, then keys that contain the same string between the prefix and the first occurrence of the delimiter will be rolled up into a single result element in the CommonPrefixes collection. These rolled-up keys are not returned elsewhere in the response. For example, with prefix="USA/" and delimiter="/", the matching keys "USA/Oregon/Salem" and "USA/Oregon/Portland" would be summarized in the response as a single "USA/Oregon" element in the CommonPrefixes collection. If an otherwise matching key does not contain the delimiter after the prefix, it appears in the Contents collection. Each element in the CommonPrefixes collection counts as one against the MaxKeys limit. The rolled-up keys represented by each CommonPrefixes element do not. If the Delimiter parameter is not present in your request, keys in the result set will not be rolled-up and neither the CommonPrefixes collection nor the NextMarker element will be present in the response. NOTE (TODO): CommonPrefixes isn't currently supported by Net::Amazon::S3. Patches welcome max-keys This optional argument limits the number of results returned in response to your query. Amazon S3 will return no more than this number of results, but possibly less. Even if max-keys is not specified, Amazon S3 will limit the number of results in the response. Check the IsTruncated flag to see if your results are incomplete. If so, use the Marker parameter to request the next page of results. For the purpose of counting max-keys, a 'result' is either a key in the 'Contents' collection, or a delimited prefix in the 'CommonPrefixes' collection. So for delimiter requests, max-keys limits the total number of list results, not just the number of keys. marker This optional parameter enables pagination of large result sets. "marker" specifies where in the result set to resume listing. It restricts the response to only contain results that occur alphabetically after the value of marker. To retrieve the next page of results, use the last key from the current page of results as the marker in your next request. See also "next_marker", below. If "marker" is omitted,the first page of results is returned. Returns undef on error and a hashref of data on success: The hashref looks like this: { bucket => $bucket_name, prefix => $bucket_prefix, marker => $bucket_marker, next_marker => $bucket_next_available_marker, max_keys => $bucket_max_keys, is_truncated => $bucket_is_truncated_boolean keys => [$key1,$key2,...] } Explanation of bits of that: is_truncated B flag that indicates whether or not all results of your query were returned in this response. If your results were truncated, you can make a follow-up paginated request using the Marker parameter to retrieve the rest of the results. next_marker A convenience element, useful when paginating with delimiters. The value of "next_marker", if present, is the largest (alphabetically) of all key names and all CommonPrefixes prefixes in the response. If the "is_truncated" flag is set, request the next page of results by setting "marker" to the value of "next_marker". This element is only present in the response if the "delimiter" parameter was sent with the request. Each key is a hashref that looks like this: { key => $key, last_modified => $last_mod_date, etag => $etag, # An MD5 sum of the stored content. size => $size, # Bytes storage_class => $storage_class # Doc? owner_id => $owner_id, owner_displayname => $owner_name } list_bucket_all List all keys in this bucket without having to worry about 'marker'. This is a convenience method, but may make multiple requests to S3 under the hood. Takes the same arguments as list_bucket. add_key DEPRECATED. DO NOT USE get_key DEPRECATED. DO NOT USE head_key DEPRECATED. DO NOT USE delete_key DEPRECATED. DO NOT USE ABOUT This module contains code modified from Amazon that contains the following notice: # This software code is made available "AS IS" without warranties of any # kind. You may copy, display, modify and redistribute the software # code either by itself or as incorporated into your code; provided that # you do not remove any proprietary notices. Your use of this software # code is at your own risk and you waive any claim against Amazon # Digital Services, Inc. or its affiliates with respect to your use of # this software code. (c) 2006 Amazon Digital Services, Inc. or its # affiliates. TESTING Testing S3 is a tricky thing. Amazon wants to charge you a bit of money each time you use their service. And yes, testing counts as using. Because of this, the application's test suite skips anything approaching a real test unless you set these three environment variables: AMAZON_S3_EXPENSIVE_TESTS Doesn't matter what you set it to. Just has to be set AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID Your AWS access key AWS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET Your AWS sekkr1t passkey. Be forewarned that setting this environment variable on a shared system might leak that information to another user. Be careful. AUTHOR Leon Brocard and unknown Amazon Digital Services programmers. Brad Fitzpatrick - return values, Bucket object SEE ALSO Net::Amazon::S3::Bucket