NAME
File::FindUniq - Find unique or duplicate file {contents,names}
VERSION
This document describes version 0.002 of File::FindUniq (from Perl
distribution File-FindUniq), released on 2024-12-05.
SYNOPSIS
Given this directory content:
filename size (bytes) content
-------- ------------ -------
foo 0
bar 0
baz 3 123
qux 3 456
quux 3 123
sub/foo 5 abcde
sub/bar 0
To list files and skip duplicate contents:
use File::FindUniq (dupe_files uniq_files);
my $res = uniq_files(files => [glob "*"], recurse=>1);
# => [200, "OK", ["bar", "baz", "qux", "sub/foo"], {}]
# although bar content (0 bytes) is not unique, it's the first seen copy, so included
# foo is deemed as duplicate of bar, so skipped
# although baz content ("1234") is not unique, it's the first seen copy, so included
# quux is deemed as duplicate of baz, so skipped
# sub/bar is deemed as duplicate of bar, so skipped
To list only duplicate files (including the first copy):
my $res = dupe_files(files => [glob "*"], recurse=>1);
# => [200, "OK", ["bar", "baz", "foo", "quux", "sub/bar"], {}]
# qux's content is unique, so skipped
# sub/foo's content is unique, so skipped
# foo's content is not unique, but it's the first
To only report unique filenames:
my $res = uniq_files(files => [glob "*"], recurse=>1,
algorithm=>'name');
# => [200, "OK", ["bar", "baz", "foo", "quux", "qux"], {}]
To report filenames that have duplicates:
my $res = dupe_files(files => [glob "*"], recurse=>1,
algorithm=>'name');
# => [200, "OK", ["bar", "foo", "sub/bar", "sub/foo"], {}]
DESCRIPTION
Keywords: unique files, unique file names, duplicate files, duplicate
file names.
NOTES
FUNCTIONS
dupe_files
Usage:
dupe_files(%args) -> [$status_code, $reason, $payload, \%result_meta]
Report duplicate or unique files, optionally perform action on them.
This is a thin wrapper for uniq-files. It defaults "report_unique" to 0
and "report_duplicate" to 1.
This function is not exported by default, but exportable.
Arguments ('*' denotes required arguments):
* algorithm => *str*
What algorithm is used to compute the digest of the content.
The default is to use "md5". Some algorithms supported include
"crc32", "sha1", "sha256", as well as "Digest" to use Perl Digest
which supports a lot of other algorithms, e.g. "SHA-1", "BLAKE2b".
If set to '', 'none', or 'size', then digest will be set to file
size. This means uniqueness will be determined solely from file
size. This can be quicker but will generate a false positive when
two files of the same size are deemed as duplicate even though their
content may be different.
If set to 'name' then only name comparison will be performed. This
of course can potentially generate lots of false positives, but in
some cases you might want to compare filename for uniqueness.
* authoritative_dirs => *array[str]*
Denote director(y|ies) where authoritative/"Original" copies are
found.
* detail => *true*
Show details (a.k.a. --show-digest, --show-size, --show-count).
* digest_args => *array*
Some Digest algorithms require arguments, you can pass them here.
* exclude_empty_files => *bool*
(No description)
* exclude_file_patterns => *array[str]*
Filename (including path) regex patterns to include.
* files* => *array[str]*
(No description)
* group_by_digest => *bool*
Sort files by its digest (or size, if not computing digest),
separate each different digest.
* include_file_patterns => *array[str]*
Filename (including path) regex patterns to exclude.
* max_size => *filesize*
Maximum file size to consider.
* min_size => *filesize*
Minimum file size to consider.
* recurse => *bool*
If set to true, will recurse into subdirectories.
* report_duplicate => *int* (default: 1)
Whether to return duplicate items.
Can be set to either 0, 1, 2, or 3.
If set to 0, duplicate items will not be returned.
If set to 1 (the default for "dupe-files"), will return all the the
duplicate files. For example: "file1" contains text 'a', "file2"
'b', "file3" 'a'. Then "file1" and "file3" will be returned.
If set to 2 (the default for "uniq-files"), will only return the
first of duplicate items. Continuing from previous example, only
"file1" will be returned because "file2" is unique and "file3"
contains 'a' (already represented by "file1"). If one or more
"--authoritative-dir" ("-O") options are specified, files under
these directories will be preferred.
If set to 3, will return all but the first of duplicate items.
Continuing from previous example: "file3" will be returned. This is
useful if you want to keep only one copy of the duplicate content.
You can use the output of this routine to "mv" or "rm". Similar to
the previous case, if one or more "--authoritative-dir" ("-O")
options are specified, then files under these directories will not
be listed if possible.
* report_unique => *bool* (default: 0)
Whether to return unique items.
* show_count => *bool* (default: 0)
Whether to return each file content's number of occurence.
1 means the file content is only encountered once (unique), 2 means
there is one duplicate, and so on.
* show_digest => *true*
Show the digest value (or the size, if not computing digest) for
each file.
Note that this routine does not compute digest for files which have
unique sizes, so they will show up as empty.
* show_size => *true*
Show the size for each file.
Returns an enveloped result (an array).
First element ($status_code) is an integer containing HTTP-like status
code (200 means OK, 4xx caller error, 5xx function error). Second
element ($reason) is a string containing error message, or something
like "OK" if status is 200. Third element ($payload) is the actual
result, but usually not present when enveloped result is an error
response ($status_code is not 2xx). Fourth element (%result_meta) is
called result metadata and is optional, a hash that contains extra
information, much like how HTTP response headers provide additional
metadata.
Return value: (any)
uniq_files
Usage:
uniq_files(%args) -> [$status_code, $reason, $payload, \%result_meta]
Report duplicate or unique files, optionally perform action on them.
Given a list of filenames, will check each file's content (and/or size,
and/or only name) to decide whether the file is a duplicate of another.
There is a certain amount of flexibility on how duplicate is determined:
- when comparing content, various hashing algorithm is supported; - when
comparing size, a certain tolerance % is allowed; - when comparing
filename, munging can first be done.
There is flexibility on what to do with duplicate files: - just print
unique/duplicate files (and let other utilities down the pipe deal with
them); - move duplicates to some location; - open the files first and
prompt for action; - let a Perl code process the files.
Interface is loosely based on the "uniq" Unix command-line program.
This function is not exported by default, but exportable.
Arguments ('*' denotes required arguments):
* algorithm => *str*
What algorithm is used to compute the digest of the content.
The default is to use "md5". Some algorithms supported include
"crc32", "sha1", "sha256", as well as "Digest" to use Perl Digest
which supports a lot of other algorithms, e.g. "SHA-1", "BLAKE2b".
If set to '', 'none', or 'size', then digest will be set to file
size. This means uniqueness will be determined solely from file
size. This can be quicker but will generate a false positive when
two files of the same size are deemed as duplicate even though their
content may be different.
If set to 'name' then only name comparison will be performed. This
of course can potentially generate lots of false positives, but in
some cases you might want to compare filename for uniqueness.
* authoritative_dirs => *array[str]*
Denote director(y|ies) where authoritative/"Original" copies are
found.
* detail => *true*
Show details (a.k.a. --show-digest, --show-size, --show-count).
* digest_args => *array*
Some Digest algorithms require arguments, you can pass them here.
* exclude_empty_files => *bool*
(No description)
* exclude_file_patterns => *array[str]*
Filename (including path) regex patterns to include.
* files* => *array[str]*
(No description)
* group_by_digest => *bool*
Sort files by its digest (or size, if not computing digest),
separate each different digest.
* include_file_patterns => *array[str]*
Filename (including path) regex patterns to exclude.
* max_size => *filesize*
Maximum file size to consider.
* min_size => *filesize*
Minimum file size to consider.
* recurse => *bool*
If set to true, will recurse into subdirectories.
* report_duplicate => *int* (default: 2)
Whether to return duplicate items.
Can be set to either 0, 1, 2, or 3.
If set to 0, duplicate items will not be returned.
If set to 1 (the default for "dupe-files"), will return all the the
duplicate files. For example: "file1" contains text 'a', "file2"
'b', "file3" 'a'. Then "file1" and "file3" will be returned.
If set to 2 (the default for "uniq-files"), will only return the
first of duplicate items. Continuing from previous example, only
"file1" will be returned because "file2" is unique and "file3"
contains 'a' (already represented by "file1"). If one or more
"--authoritative-dir" ("-O") options are specified, files under
these directories will be preferred.
If set to 3, will return all but the first of duplicate items.
Continuing from previous example: "file3" will be returned. This is
useful if you want to keep only one copy of the duplicate content.
You can use the output of this routine to "mv" or "rm". Similar to
the previous case, if one or more "--authoritative-dir" ("-O")
options are specified, then files under these directories will not
be listed if possible.
* report_unique => *bool* (default: 1)
Whether to return unique items.
* show_count => *bool* (default: 0)
Whether to return each file content's number of occurence.
1 means the file content is only encountered once (unique), 2 means
there is one duplicate, and so on.
* show_digest => *true*
Show the digest value (or the size, if not computing digest) for
each file.
Note that this routine does not compute digest for files which have
unique sizes, so they will show up as empty.
* show_size => *true*
Show the size for each file.
Returns an enveloped result (an array).
First element ($status_code) is an integer containing HTTP-like status
code (200 means OK, 4xx caller error, 5xx function error). Second
element ($reason) is a string containing error message, or something
like "OK" if status is 200. Third element ($payload) is the actual
result, but usually not present when enveloped result is an error
response ($status_code is not 2xx). Fourth element (%result_meta) is
called result metadata and is optional, a hash that contains extra
information, much like how HTTP response headers provide additional
metadata.
Return value: (any)
HOMEPAGE
Please visit the project's homepage at
<https://metacpan.org/release/File-FindUniq>.
SOURCE
Source repository is at
<https://github.com/perlancar/perl-File-FindUniq>.
SEE ALSO
App::FindUtils
move-duplicate-files-to from App::DuplicateFilesUtils, which is
basically a shortcut for "uniq-files -D -R . | while read f; do mv "$f"
SOMEDIR/; done".
AUTHOR
perlancar <perlancar@cpan.org>
CONTRIBUTING
To contribute, you can send patches by email/via RT, or send pull
requests on GitHub.
Most of the time, you don't need to build the distribution yourself. You
can simply modify the code, then test via:
% prove -l
If you want to build the distribution (e.g. to try to install it locally
on your system), you can install Dist::Zilla,
Dist::Zilla::PluginBundle::Author::PERLANCAR,
Pod::Weaver::PluginBundle::Author::PERLANCAR, and sometimes one or two
other Dist::Zilla- and/or Pod::Weaver plugins. Any additional steps
required beyond that are considered a bug and can be reported to me.
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
This software is copyright (c) 2024 by perlancar <perlancar@cpan.org>.
This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
the same terms as the Perl 5 programming language system itself.
BUGS
Please report any bugs or feature requests on the bugtracker website
<https://rt.cpan.org/Public/Dist/Display.html?Name=File-FindUniq>
When submitting a bug or request, please include a test-file or a patch
to an existing test-file that illustrates the bug or desired feature.